Psoriasis of The Nails Nails Diseases

Psoriatic nails is a nail disease. It is common in those suffering from psoriasis, with reported incidences varying from 10% to 78%. Elderly patients and those with psoriatic arthritis are more likely to have psoriatic nails.

Koilonychia Concave-shaped curved nails Diseases

Koilonychia (also known as spoon nails: is a nail disease that can be a sign of hypochromic anemia, especially iron-deficiency anemia. Koilonychia literally means "spoon nails." It refers to abnormally thin nails (usually of the hand) which have lost their convexity, becoming flat or even concave in shape. In a sense, koilonychia is the opposite of nail clubbing.

Pincer Nail Deformity Nails Diseases

Pincer nail deformity is a curved  ingrown toenail with bilateral penetration to the nail folds.

Orange nails discoloration Nails Diseases

Some nail polishes may cause yellow or orange fingernails discoloration

Leuconychia Nails Diseases

Leuconychia is the most common nails discoloration, may be congenital or acquired. However, the exact etiology is uncertain. Leuconychia may develop in response to minor trauma and to resolve spontaneously. It may be caused by systemic diseases such as hypoalbuminemia or liver abnormality.

Long finernail Nails Diseases

Normal but long fingernail (due to psychological and cultural reasons)

Nails pitting Nails Diseases

Nails pitting may occur as a result of imperfect nail plate formation in the matrix area. It may be associated with psoriasis, lichen planus, alopecia areata, eczema or may occur even without diseases of the nails.

Anonychia Nails Diseases

Congenital absence of three toenails with amputee-like pattern.

Frictional melanonychia Nails Diseases

Nails discoloration of the toes due to repeated trauma  to toenails, caused by ill-fitting shoes.

Yellow nails (chromonychia) Nails Diseases

Nails discoloration due to exposure to uncertain substance or topical medication

Subungual pyogenic granuloma Nails Diseases

Pyogenic granuloma is a common skin condition characterized by an inflammated red nodule and most often associated with preexisting superficial skin trauma,  infection and abnormal vascularization.

Pyogenic granuloma of nail fold associated with isotretinoin therapy Nails Diseases

Pyogenic granuloma is a common skin condition characterized by an inflammated red nodule and most often associated with preexisting superficial skin trauma,  infection and abnormal vascularization.

Nail dystrophy of childhood (Trachyonychia) Nails Diseases

The entity twenty-nail dystrophy of childhood (Trachyonychia) was used by D.E. Hazelrigg in 1977 to describe an idiopathic nail disorder in children. It also may be non-idiopatic and caused by alopecia areata, psoriasis, llichen planus, atopy, ichthyosis, or other inflammatory dermatoses. More about trachyonychya.

Artificial Nails Infection Nails Diseases

Yeast   infections   and pseudomonas   bacterial infections are complications sometimes associated with artificial   nails

Mucous (myxoid) cyst Nails Diseases

A myxoid cyst (also known as a synovial cyst or mucous cyst) is a ganglion (tissue mass) of the adjacent joint, caused by leakage of fluid from the joint into the surrounding tissue. These cysts often appear clinically with osteoarthritic symptoms and are a red or bluish colour, producing a gelatinous material if punctured.
The cyst can be linked to the joint by injection of methylene blue; however, more recently, surgical techniques have been developed. Common treatments consist of injection of corticosteroids, repeated puncture and drainage of the cyst or surgical excision. Total immobilization may lead to fixation of the joint and is not advised.

Onychomadesis Nails Diseases

Onychomadesis denotes the total separation of nail plate from the nail bed that begins at the proximal area and then progresses to the free edge with the nail shedding.tIt may be manifestations of systemic illness or drug-unduced.
 

Transverse grooves Nails Diseases

Along the internal surface of the occipital bone, running laterally between superior and inferior fossae of the cruciate eminence is the groove for transverse sinus. The transverse sinuses travel along this groove.

Pterygium Inversum Nails Diseases

Pterygium Inversum  is believed to be  an acquired condition characterized  by the hyponychium attached to the opposite surface of the nail plate. Pain may present after minor trauma. 

Onychogryphosis Nails Diseases

Abnormal thickening and curving of the nails which gives them a claw-like appearance. It can affect the fingernails and toenails and may result from trauma, permanent shoe pressure, infection, diabetes, poor blood supply or inadequate nutrients.

Longitudinal melanonychia (melanonychia striata) Nails Diseases

Longitudinal melanonychia presents a difficult clinical challenge because subungual melanoma must always be included in the differential diagnosis and because the cause of longitudinal melanonychia is usually not apparent. When melanocytes in the nail bed increase in number or activity, they may produce a pigmented band that "shines through" the nail as a gray, brown, or black spot. When the cause of longitudinal melanonychia is not clinically apparent, biopsy of the nail matrix and the nail bed should help to establish it. Nail biopsy is a safe and useful diagnostic procedure for many nail disorders when routine clinical and laboratory methods fail to produce a diagnosis. Nail bed and perionychial biopsies can be performed easily and with minimal scarring. They are most commonly used to diagnose tumors as well as infectious and inflammatory disorders of the nail. Great care must be taken in nail matrix biopsy to minimize the risk of permanent nail dystrophy.